|
黑河翻譯公司關(guān)鍵字：Abstract: Government failure refers to the government regulation and intervention in the economy's low efficiency or inefficiency. Effective operation in the defense industry, there are also more prominent phenomenon of government failure. Government failure to produce, both the government's own shortcomings difficult to overcome the reasons, there are reasons the government system itself is imperfect. In order to overcome the defense industry in the operation of government failures, must be corrected from the building systems and prevention.
Keywords: defense industry; government failure, causes; preventionDefense industry is a government-led industry, the government is running in the defense industry plays an extremely important and special role. Defense industry in understanding the role of running the government, people saw more of the positive role of government, and rarely see its negative effects. A developing country's defense industries rely on the rapid rise of government power to make people more convinced of this. In fact, the effective operation in the defense industry as the market will fail, government will fail. In-depth analysis and discussion of the defense industry in the operation of government failures, for improving government functions, improve government efficiency and operational efficiency of the defense industry is of great significance.
First, the government failure mainlyGovernment has broad and narrow sense, the government of this paper is the general government, including the executive, legislature and military institutions. The so-called government failure, is the government regulation and intervention in the economy's low efficiency or inefficiency. Samuelson said: "When the government policy or a means of collective behavior can not be taken to improve the economic efficiency or morally acceptable distribution of income, the Government has produced a failure." [1] operation in the defense industry, major government failure the following situations:
1. Government intervention does not achieve the desired objectives. Government intervention and control of the defense industry, is designed to achieve certain goals. When the government intervention backfired on the defense industry, and ultimately did not achieve the desired objectives, is the phenomenon of government failure. Government to intervene in the defense industry to achieve the desired objectives include safety and efficiency objectives. Based on the needs of national security, government usually take a series of policies and measures, such as through secrecy, military standards and licensing production of military production to strict control, or signing long-term contract. These institutional arrangements will hinder the entry of new firms, the efficiency of restricting competition, play and use of new technological achievements, which is not conducive to the level of weapons technology and production efficiency, and even affect the equipment's normal delivery. If the Government has adopted policies and measures concerning the safety of the loss is greater than cause security income, and had to achieve the security goals run counter to government failure arises. Government to improve economic efficiency and reduce costs of procurement of weapons and equipment, will take appropriate policy measures, such as weapons procurement process in the production chain, the government usually employed as a principal agent, that is, from one vendor to bear arms system of production. The main purpose of this arrangement is configured to prevent duplication of resources, as well as weapons and equipment through economies of scale to reduce costs and prices, thereby reducing the cost of equipment purchases. At the same time, also with weapons and equipment led to the increase in cost and price factors. Because, when the government relies on a vendor, the supply of weapons and equipment is in production and under monopoly conditions, not only the manufacturers lack of external competitive pressures to reduce costs, and because of the lack of appropriate alternative to the market, the government likely to be manufacturers' captive "Manufacturers typically use the information in its possession advantage and market forces to the Government" ripped off ", forcing the government to accept some of the unreasonable demands, such as increased military pricing, reduce product technology and performance indicators, as well as delayed delivery. If the government adopted a policy of cost savings measures is less than the cost of this increase, it failed to meet cost savings targets, the emergence of government failure.
|